• Access to information: highly (high PD) vs. less-highly (low PD) structured.

• Hierarchies in mental models: tall vs. shallow.

• Emphasis on the social and moral order (e.g., nationalism or religion) and its symbols: significant/frequent vs. minor/infrequent use.

• Focus on expertise, authority, experts, certifications, official stamps, or logos: strong vs. weak.

• Prominence given to leaders vs. citizens, customers, or employees.

• Importance of security and restrictions or barriers to access: explicit, enforced, frequent restrictions on users vs. transparent, integrated, implicit freedom to roam.

• Social roles used to organize information (e.g., a managers’ section obvious to all but sealed off from non-managers): frequent vs. infrequent

• Motivation based on personal achievement: maximized (expect the extra-ordinary) for individualist cultures vs. underplayed (in favor of group achievement) for collectivist cultures

• Images of success: demonstrated through materialism and consumerism vs. achievement of social-political agendas.

• Rhetorical style: controversial/argumentative speech and tolerance or encouragement of extreme claims vs. official slogans and subdued hyperbole and controversy

• Prominence given youth and action vs. aged, experienced, wise leaders and states of being

• Importance given individuals vs. products shown by themselves or with groups

• Underlying sense of social morality: emphasis on truth vs. relationships

• Emphasis on change: what is new and unique vs. tradition and history

• Willingness to provide personal information vs. protection of personal data differentiating the individual from the group

• Traditional gender/family/age distinctions

• Work tasks, roles, and mastery, with quick results for limited tasks

• Navigation oriented to exploration and control

• Attention gained through games and competitions

• Graphics, sound, and animation used for utilitarian purposes

• Feminine cultures would emphasize the following:

• Blurring of gender roles

• Mutual cooperation, exchange, and relational support (rather than mastery and winning)

• Attention gained through poetry, visual aesthetics, and appeals to unifying values

• Simplicity, with clear metaphors, limited choices, and restricted amounts of data

• Attempts to reveal or forecast the results or implications of actions before users act

• Navigation schemes intended to prevent users from becoming lost

• Mental models and help systems that focus on reducing "user errors"

• Redundant cues (color, typography, sound, etc.) to reduce ambiguity.

• Low UA cultures would emphasize the reverse:

• Complexity with maximal content and choices

• Acceptance (even encouragement) of wandering and risk, with a stigma on “over-protection”

• Less control of navigation; for example, links might open new windows leading away from the original location.

• Mental models and help systems might focus on understanding underlying concepts rather than narrow tasks

• Coding of color, typography, and sound to maximize information (multiple links without redundant cueing.)

• Content focused on practice and practical value

• Relationships as a source of information and credibility

• Patience in achieving results and goals

• Low LTO countries would emphasize the contrary:

• Content focused on truth and certainty of beliefs

• Rules as a source of information and credibility

• Desire for immediate results and achievement of goals

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